• ENGLISH: FORECLOSURE - Foreclosure is the legal process by which a mortgagee, or other lien holder, usually a lender, obtains a termination of a mortgagor's equitable right of redemption, either by court order or by operation of law (after following a specific statutory procedure). Usually a lender obtains a security interest from a borrower who mortgages or pledges an asset like a house to secure the loan. If the borrower defaults and the lender tries to repossess the property, courts of equity can grant the borrower the equitable right of redemption if the borrower repays the debt. While this equitable right exists, it is a cloud on title and the lender cannot be sure that it can successfully repossess the property. Therefore, through the process of foreclosure, the lender seeks to foreclose the equitable right of redemption and take both legal and equitable title to the property in fee simple. Other lien holders can also foreclose the owner's right of redemption for other debts, such as for overdue taxes, unpaid contractors' bills or overdue homeowners' association dues or assessments.
  The foreclosure process as applied to residential mortgage loans is a bank or other secured creditor selling or repossessing a parcel of real property (immovable property) after the owner has failed to comply with an agreement between the lender and borrower called a "mortgage" or "deed of trust". Commonly, the violation of the mortgage is a default in payment of a promissory note, secured by a lien on the property. When the process is complete, the lender can sell the property and keep the proceeds to pay off its mortgage and any legal costs, and it is typically said that "the lender has foreclosed its mortgage or lien". If the promissory note was made with a recourse clause then if the sale does not bring enough to pay the existing balance of principal and fees the mortgagee can file a claim for a deficiency judgment.
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• FRENCH (FRANÇAIS) - FORCLUSION: Prise de possession par le prêteur d'une propriété engagée en garantie ou sur hypothèque, en raison du défaut de payer par le débiteur.
  La forclusion est le corollaire du droit de rachat puisqu'elle constitue le moyen par lequel le créancier hypothécaire met fin par voie d'action au droit de rachat...
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• SPANISH (ESPAÑOL) - EJECUCIÓN DE HIPOTECA: Se denomina ejecución de hipoteca, en Derecho procesal, a un procedimiento ejecutivo a través del cual se ordena la venta de un bien inmueble que estaba gravado con una hipoteca por incumplimiento del deudor de las obligaciones garantizadas con la hipoteca.
  Se trata de un procedimiento rápido y reglado, mediante el cual se busca de forma transparente, normalmente mediante subasta pública, hacer efectivo el valor del bien inmueble para pagar las deudas incumplidas.
  Una vez vendido el bien inmueble y una vez pagados los deudores hipotecarios, el dinero restante de la venta del bien se devuelve al propietario del bien inmueble (que no tiene por qué coincidir siempre con el deudor).
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